Southeast Asia yadzipereka kuti iwonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi 23% pofika 2025 pomwe kufunikira kwa mphamvu kukukwera.Njira zamakono za geospatial zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ziwerengero, zitsanzo za malo, deta ya satellite yowona dziko lapansi ndi chitsanzo cha nyengo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga kafukufuku wamakono kuti amvetsetse zomwe zingatheke komanso zogwira mtima za chitukuko cha mphamvu zowonjezereka.Kafukufukuyu akufuna kupanga chitsanzo choyambirira cha malo ku Southeast Asia kuti pakhale mphamvu zowonjezereka zowonjezereka monga dzuwa, mphepo ndi hydropower, zomwe zimagawidwanso m'madera okhala ndi ulimi.Zachilendo za phunziroli zagona pakupanga chitsanzo chatsopano cha chitukuko cha mphamvu zowonjezereka mwa kuphatikizira kusanthula kuyenera kwa dera ndikuwunika mphamvu zomwe zingatheke.Madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zophatikizira mphamvu zitatuzi makamaka ali kumpoto kwa Southeast Asia.Madera omwe ali pafupi ndi equator, kupatula madera akummwera, ali ndi mwayi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi mayiko akumpoto.Ntchito yomanga magetsi a solar photovoltaic (PV) inali gawo lalikulu la mphamvu zomwe zimaganiziridwa, zomwe zimafuna mahekitala 143,901,600 (61.71%), kutsatiridwa ndi mphamvu yamphepo (39,618,300 ha, 16.98%), PV ndi mphamvu yamphepo (37,302,500 ha, 16.98%). peresenti).) , mphamvu yamadzi (7,665,200 ha, 3.28%), magetsi ophatikizika amadzi ndi dzuwa (3,792,500 ha, 1.62%), kuphatikiza mphamvu yamadzi ndi mphepo (582,700 ha, 0.25%).Phunziroli ndi la panthawi yake komanso lofunika chifukwa lidzakhala maziko a ndondomeko ndi njira zachigawo za kusintha kwa mphamvu zowonjezereka, poganizira za makhalidwe osiyanasiyana omwe alipo ku Southeast Asia.
Monga gawo la Sustainable Development Goal 7, mayiko ambiri avomereza kuonjezera ndi kugawa mphamvu zowonjezera, koma pofika chaka cha 20201, mphamvu zowonjezera zidzangowonjezera 11% ya mphamvu zonse padziko lonse2.Ndi mphamvu zapadziko lonse zomwe zikuyembekezeka kukula ndi 50% pakati pa 2018 ndi 2050, njira zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zamtsogolo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa kale lonse.Kukula kofulumira kwachuma komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu ku Southeast Asia pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi kwadzetsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu zamagetsi.Tsoka ilo, mafuta opangira mafuta amapitilira theka la mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa m'derali3.Mayiko akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia alonjeza kuti adzawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera ndi 23% pofika chaka cha 20254. Dzikoli la Southeast Asia lili ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa chaka chonse, zilumba zambiri ndi mapiri, komanso mphamvu zambiri zowonjezera mphamvu.Komabe, vuto lalikulu pakupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndikupeza zigawo zoyenera kwambiri zopangira zida zopangira magetsi okhazikika5.Kuonjezera apo, kuonetsetsa kuti mitengo yamagetsi m'madera osiyanasiyana ikukumana ndi mlingo woyenera wa mitengo yamagetsi kumafuna kutsimikizika pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.Njira zopangira mphamvu zowonjezera zomwe zapangidwa m'derali zaka makumi angapo zapitazi zikuphatikizapo mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphepo ndi madzi.Magwerowa ali ndi lonjezo lalikulu lachitukuko chachikulu kuti akwaniritse zolinga za mphamvu zowonjezereka za dera4 ndikupereka mphamvu kumadera omwe alibe magetsi6.Chifukwa cha kuthekera ndi zofooka za chitukuko chokhazikika cha mphamvu zamagetsi ku Southeast Asia, njira ikufunika kuti mudziwe malo abwino kwambiri opangira mphamvu zokhazikika m'derali, zomwe kafukufukuyu akufuna kuthandizira.
Kuzindikira kwakutali kophatikizana ndi kusanthula kwa malo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthandizira kupanga zisankho pozindikira malo abwino kwambiri opangira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu7,8,9.Mwachitsanzo, kuti adziwe malo abwino kwambiri adzuwa, Lopez et al.10 adagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowonera kutali za MODIS kuti ayesere kunyezimira kwadzuwa.Letu et al.11 akuyerekeza kuwala kwa dzuwa, mitambo ndi ma aerosol kuchokera ku miyeso ya satellite ya Himawari-8.Kuonjezera apo, Principe ndi Takeuchi12 adayesa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic (PV) m'dera la Asia-Pacific malinga ndi zochitika za meteorological.Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito zowonera zakutali kuti mudziwe madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, malo omwe ali ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri womanga maziko a dzuwa amatha kusankhidwa.Kuonjezera apo, kufufuza kwa malo kunkachitidwa molingana ndi njira zambiri zokhudzana ndi malo a dzuwa PV systems13,14,15.Kwa mafamu amphepo, Blankenhorn ndi Resch16 adayerekezera komwe kuli mphamvu yamphepo ku Germany potengera momwe mphepo ikuthamanga, kuphimba kwa zomera, malo otsetsereka, ndi malo otetezedwa.Sah ndi Wijayatunga17 adatengera madera omwe angatheke ku Bali, Indonesia pophatikiza liwiro la mphepo la MODIS.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-14-2023
